In this study using MERSCOPE platform, we demonstrated that disease-associated (DA) glia are dynamic and induced independently of lesions, preceding their formation. Singlecell spatial analysis of human archival MS spinal cord confirmed differential distribution of DAglia, enabled deconvolution of active and inactive lesions into sub-compartments, and identification of new lesion areas. By establishing a spatial resource of mouse and human MS neuropathology at a single-cell resolution, our study unveils the intricate cellular dynamics underlying MS disease evolution.
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